What is ground penetrating radar?
Ground Penetrating Radar (GPR) is a procedure of ultra-band impulses/signals for mapping, inspection, and imaging of the subsurface. The method which involves non-destruction of the surface makes use of high-frequency electromagnetic waves to reach the surface beneath. The reflections caused by hitting some obstacles on the ground are recorded. Ground Penetrating Radar is very useful in reaching far points below the earth or sea surface without sending other equipment. In science, this method has played a significant role in aiding the study of soils, rocks, fossils among others.
Signals from an antenna are directed to the surface where findings are targeted. The waves pass through the solid substances, voids, cracks up to the furthest depth they can reach. On heating the materials, the waves are either reflected, refracted or dispersed. The resulting signals are captured on a computerized system. The results are stored on digital media where images are produced basing on strengths and time recorded on reflected signals.
Christian Hülsmeyer invented Ground Penetrating Radar. Christian Hülsmeyer proceeded to get the patent rights on this technology on April 30, 1904. (Patent DE 165 546). At this time, he was the only one who had the exclusive rights to this technology. The patents to use this discovery in conducting subsurface scanning were issued six years later to Gotthelf Leimbach and Heinrich Löwy. (Patent DE 237 944). The rights allowed the technology be used to find buried objects. Another development came in late 1929 when Dr. Hülsenbeck was granted the patent for using antenna technology (patent DE 489 434). This final transformation enabled thick surface imaging by improving image resolution.
The first commercial GPR was invented by Geophysical Survey Systems, Inc. (GSSI) which is also the leading manufacturer of GPR equipment. GSSI is the all-time producer of first systems that are related to this field of science. GSSI designed the first GPR in 1974 that was used for commercial services. Over the years, the manufacturer has been coming up with new additional systems that enhance the performance of the existing GPR equipment. The constant developments have brought about the production of high-quality imaging for use in various fields like utility detection, concrete inspection, geology, archeology among many more fields.
Ground penetrating radar services
GPR services for locating utilities of using radio detection surveys over a specified area to identify what covers the area of interest. This is followed by a thorough scan over the area to find passive signals that could be received from the ground. Services are offered using state of the art equipment that enables investigation of the field without uncovering anything. These services are provided by commercial companies which are hired to survey your property. Ensure you hire experts who will do accurate scanning and printing of 3D images.
Ground inspection is a method that requires a lot of knowledge and expertise from the team that has been contracted. When planning to have your property scanned by GPR experts, a few things must be clearly understood. For accurate imaging procedures and results, it is important to hire a company with the equipment and technicians. Qualified and experienced professionals know the best procedures that should be followed for more reliable findings. They also have the know-how to use different equipment and vary wave frequencies for more accurate imaging.
Commercial firms have a different area of specialization in providing surveys. You can hire a company to can your property for the presence of utilities like water, electrical, and gas lines.
Two facts about GPR
1. It is proven that GPR Equipment and survey can be utilized on fresh water but cannot be used in salty water. The equipment can also be used on ice.
2. GPR is a safe method of ground scanning. It is true that electromagnetic radiations are used to penetrate the ground. The process is not dangerous since these radiations are of small magnitudes that have no effect on the body of the operator.
The top 3 radar units used by professionals
• SIR-20
This is a model that was developed by Geophysical Survey Systems, Inc. (GSSI), USA. This unit is commonly used in many field scans because it is accessible from a laptop. In conjunction with other air systems and units like the SIR-3000, imaging on the field is made possible. The survey conducted while technicians from the computer keenly monitor the observations.
• MALA Imaging Radar Array (MIRA)
Mala Geoscience, Sweden developed the utility system. As a top firm in this industry, the company has developed various systems that enhance subsurface imaging. The MIRA is powerful in underground utility detection. Suitable for use in rough terrain such as boreholes. Can compact with different types of antennas perfectly thus used in most surveys. The system enables the production of fast 3D images on the site.
• Utility Scan
Utility locators that use utility scanning is another system that is manufactured by GSSI. This system is specially designed for penetrating cemented surfaces like pavements. The service is also used in mega project inspections like railways, bridges, and sidewalks. It produces high definition images from surfaces beneath a block of concrete. In events where the project or area of investigation is extent, the equipment is mounted on a moving vehicle for faster coverage.
I had no idea that you could use ground penetrating radar or GPR on ice! It is important to remember that understanding the different applications for this machine and be able to get the most out of it. My brother was talking about how he needed to rent a GPR machine so he could start his construction project, so I wanted to look into it as well.